What is the primary purpose of meteorology?

The primary purpose of meteorology is to forecast weather and atmospheric phenomena. This field focuses on the processes and changes in the atmosphere that lead to weather conditions, including temperature, precipitation, wind patterns, and storms. Meteorologists use a combination of observational data, satellite imagery, and computer models to analyze these atmospheric conditions and make predictions about future weather. This forecasting is essential for daily life, as it helps individuals and organizations prepare for various weather events, from routine changes to severe storms.

The other options pertain to different scientific fields. The study of the Earth's interior is associated with geology and geophysics, while understanding geological formations is specifically focused on the structure and history of the Earth itself. Examining ocean currents relates more to oceanography, which studies the movements of water in the oceans and their impact on global climate patterns. While these fields contribute to our overall understanding of the planet, they do not fall under the primary focus of meteorology.