Which field of study is concerned with the phenomena of the atmosphere and weather forecasting?

Meteorology is the field of study focused on the phenomena of the atmosphere, including weather conditions, processes, and forecasting. Meteorologists analyze various atmospheric variables, such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, and pressure, to predict weather patterns and phenomena. This discipline employs scientific principles and technologies, such as satellite imagery and computer models, to provide accurate weather forecasts and to understand atmospheric behaviors, severe weather events, and climate changes.

Climatology, while related, primarily deals with long-term weather patterns and averages over extended periods, rather than short-term forecasting. Geology focuses on the Earth's solid material, including rocks and landforms, and their processes, while oceanography studies the ocean and its various components, including marine organisms and ocean currents. Thus, meteorology is the correct answer because it specifically addresses atmospheric phenomena and the practice of forecasting weather.