Which of the following types of RNA carries amino acids to ribosomes during translation?

Transfer RNA, or tRNA, is the type of RNA responsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosomes during the process of translation. Each tRNA molecule has an anticodon region that is complementary to a specific codon on the messenger RNA (mRNA), which ensures that the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain. As the ribosome moves along the mRNA, tRNA molecules sequentially deliver the appropriate amino acids, enabling the synthesis of proteins according to the genetic instructions encoded in the mRNA.

In contrast, messenger RNA (mRNA) serves as the template that carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis, while ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is a structural component of the ribosome itself and does not carry amino acids. Regulatory RNA, which includes molecules like microRNA, typically plays roles in gene regulation and does not function in the transport of amino acids during translation. Therefore, transfer RNA is essential for the correct translation of the genetic code into functional proteins.